Nanotechnology: Global Prospects and Possible Introduction in Nigeria’s

Nanotechnology can be defined as the study of the manipulation and application of matter on a molecular scale. According to Wikipedia, it generally deals with developing materials or other structures possessing a size of at least one hundred nanometers. The concepts of nanotechnology were considered fiction until December 29, 1959 during a talk entitled â€Å"There’s plenty of Room at the Bottom† by physicist Richard Feynman at an American Physical Society meeting at the California Institute of Technology. In this talk, Feynman described a process by which individual atoms and molecules can be controlled and manipulated. The term, â€Å"Nanotechnology† was coined over a decade later by Professor Norio Taniguchi. It wasn’t until 1981, with the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope and the atomic force microscope that could â€Å"see† individual atoms, that contemporary nanotechnology began (National Nanotechnology Initiative n.d). It is difficult to envision how small nanotechnology is. An illustrative example given by the National Nanotechnology Initiative is; a sheet of newspaper is one hundred thousand nanometers thick. This kind of size is extremely small and cannot even be seen by the typical microscopes used in high school science classes. Although the study is a new one, nanoscale materials have been in use for centuries. The colors of the stained glasses of medieval churches built hundreds of years ago were created by alternate sized gold and silver particles. The artists then did not know the process they employed to create those works of art. Today’s scientists on the other hand are discovering a variety of ways to exploit the science and its enhanced properties like higher strength, lighter weight and so on. The impending ... ...ll also be in the application stages of the study. â€Æ' Works Cited â€Å"Nanotechnology 101†. National Nanotechnology Initiative. n.d Web. 29 May 2012. http://www.nano.gov/nanotech-101 â€Å"Nanotechnology† Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d Web. 29 May 2012. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology Dr. Ayman El-Fatatry. â€Å"Defense Applications† Systems Engineering Innovation Centre n.d PDF file. 29 May 2012 Admin. â€Å"Nanotechnology in Medicine - Nanomedicine† UnderstandingNano. n.d. Web. 29 May 2012. http://www.understandingnano.com/medicine.html Joseph, Tiju and Mark Morrison. â€Å"Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food†. European Nanotechnology Gateway. May 2006. Print. 29 May 2012. News Agency of Nigeria. â€Å"Government of Nigeria approves nanotechnology plan† August 13, 2007. Web. 29 May 2012. http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=2364.php

The Great Gatsby – Violent Situations

In F. Scott Fitzgerald's, The Great Gatsby, the violent situations that occur reveal the true personalities and feelings of many of the characters. To begin, Tom and Myrtle are discussing whether Myrtle has the right to mention Daisy's name and Myrtle annoyingly repeated â€Å"Daisy†. This outraged Tom. â€Å"Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand†¦ Then there were bloody towels upon the bath-room floor, and women’s voices scolding, and high over the confusion a long broken wail of pain†(41). Tom brings out the dark side of him. He demonstrates how brutal and cruel he is by getting to the point of punching a woman. Tom clearly loses his temper easily and does not know how to control himself. He gets outraged if others don’t obey him which makes him controlling. He also shows that he has some respect for Daisy because he does not let the girl he uses for a sexual relationship, to say her name. Secondly, under stress, Daisy is driving at a fast speed when Myrtle jumps in front of the car, and Daisy hit her and took off. Daisy brutally kills Myrtle. Michaelis and this man reached her first, but when they had torn open her shirtwaist, still damp with perspiration, they saw that her left breast was swinging loose like a flap, and there was no need to listen for the heart beneath. The mouth was wide open and ripped at the corners, as though she had choked a little in giving up the tremendous vitality she had stored so long†(145). Daisy seems like a sweet, innocent woman but she proves instead to be se lfish. She commits such a nasty and brutal mistake that the right thing would be for her to take responsibility for it. She doesn’t though, because she’s careless and worries only about herself. At the same time, Myrtle demonstrates her hope for freedom and to be with Tom as she runs towards the car. She is obviously not happy with George Wilson. Lastly, George becomes so sure Gatsby killed his wife, Myrtle, that he shoots him and after shoots himself. â€Å"It was after we started with Gatsby toward the house that the gardener saw Wilson’s body a little way off in the grass, and the holocaust was complete†(170). After George is told that Gatsby kills Myrtle, he becomes careless. He proves that he is very passionate about his love for his wife, that when she dies he doesn’t care for his own life any longer. He feels bitter and the need of revenge. His grief over-powers him. For Gatsby, this reveals his corruption. Since he dies in his pool, surrounded by his own blood, he dies like a criminal; he dies like a criminal would die for corruption. In The Great Gatsby, the violent situations expose who and how the characters truly are. It is their actions that speak their words.

VLAN

LANA which can communicate with each other as if they were all located in the same physical segment. PLAN allow us to group the devices into a single domain, which enable us to confine broadcast traffic to devices that needs the access, and also will reduce the traffic on the rest of the network. The benefits of PLAN are the following: It will provide us with higher performance. It will improve our manageability over the network. It will simplify the software configurations.It will increase our security options for the network. To improve the performance in these company, the possible implementation of switches to re-route people straight to the router instead of going through different hubs. In order to reduce the network congestion, we can divide the network logically speaking into broadcast domains which will add security to it. All the departments in the organization will be divided by their group function, given them their own segment. By having the network divided into four sec tions, the network will better secure by making each section compartmentalize.We can achieve this by having each section logically separated from the rest which will restrict the access from segment to segment. If we want to increase security on the network, this is the way to do it. In controlling the access to the individuals segment on the company, we can establish users groups based on their required function; allowing the segment to access the information needed and making sure that only those who need it, access it. The PLAN membership to use could be a port assigned based, this will facilitate the future reorganization of the physical network layout.The type of switch that we an use could be Layer 3. Layer 3 will give us the ability to have a greater control over the LANA, user assignments, and network which Layer 2 will failed to provide us with those benefits. We can use an IEEE 802. SQ trucking protocol; this protocol will help us to reduce the dependency on vendors regard ing the hardware we need to use, since this protocol is not proprietary. WAP (PLAN Trunk Protocol) will increase the speed as well as the efficiency regarding our network performance. It will lower the inconsistencies in configurations which would happen after any modification in the network.We can configure switches to work in different WAP modes. These modes are VT server mode, WAP clients, and WAP transparent. In the server mode, we can create, modify, and delete PLANS. In the client mode, it will behave like the server mode but it will lack the ability of creating, change or delete PLAN. In the transparent mode, forward WAP advertisements that they receive out their trunk ports in WAP Version 2. To avoid any possible malfunction of the PLAN network, we should make sure that the network is properly set to be layout as a star topology physically speaking. By Rudolf-Archimedes

Treasure Islands Impact on Society, Literacy, and Pop Culture Professor Ramos Blog

Treasure Islands Impact on Society, Literacy, and Pop Culture If you’ve ever eaten fried fish from the fast food chain, Long John Silver’s, visited the Las Vegas strip and walked by the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino, sung along with Tim Curry’s Long John Silver while watching Muppet Treasure Island as a kid, or if you can close your eyes and picture a pirate with a peg leg, a parrot on his shoulder, and a map for buried treasure marked by an ‘X’, you’ve experienced the influence of the novel, Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson. Originally published in 1883, Treasure Island has captivated audiences for over 136 years. At time of publication, it presented new role models for Englishmen and anti-Imperialist themes at a time when Britain was only gaining more and more power. Over the years, it’s become a favorite of literary scholars for studying the complexities of characters, the themes within children’s literature, and how to apply what we learn from stories to our own lives. Howev er, not everyone chooses to look so closely at the novel, because it remains a story treasured by many, pardon the pun, and whether or not someone has read it it is highly likely that they’ve come across pieces of Treasure Island’s legacy. Robert Louis Stevenson was a Scottish author who originally published the story of Treasure Island as a serial in a magazine under a pseudonym, however, when it was compiled and published about a year later as a novel, it was Stevenson’s first success. Treasure Island is an adventure that follows Jim Hawkins, the young son of an inn owner, when he gets swept up in a hunt for buried treasure. A long-time, mysterious patron of the inn is hunted down by a band of pirates- former shipmates- and Jim finds what the pirates are looking for: a map to untold riches buried on an island by notorious pirate, Captain Flint. Taking the map to officers Jim trusts, Dr. Livesy and Squire Trelawney, he begins a voyage to search for the legendary treasure that soon becomes treacherous after a mutiny against the Captain Smollett led by the ship’s cook, a one-legged man known as Long John Silver, puts Jim and the honest adults in a precarious position. Outnumbered by the pirates, Jim embark s several daring solo missions to disadvantage the mutineers at the risk of his life and the trust his companions have in him. Long John Silver eventually turns against his mates to strike a deal with the doctor so with his aid and the help of a marooned man they encounter named Ben Gunn, Jim and his companions are able to locate and secure the treasure, eventually all returning home. Treasure Island was originally published in 1881 as a serial in the magazine Young Folks, but despite it’s inclusion of almost every element young boys would find exciting- danger, guns, buried treasure, fighting- it wasn’t well-recepted by this audience. However, after being compiled and sold as a novel in 1883, adults across Victorian England were fascinated by the story, the characters, and the subliminal themes throughout the text. At the time, Englishmen were struggling with their own identities and what it meant to be an educated man, a husband, a father, a gentleman. According to Chamutal Noimann in his scholarly paper titled from a line in the novel, â€Å"He a Cripple, And I a Boy,† Treasure Island was a direct challenge to typical ideas of a male’s role in English society and Jim and Long John Silver serve as the two sides of what Stevenson believed a man should be. Jim is a boy, antithesis of masculinity in his youth, lack of education, and will ingness to act alone and against authority. As for Silver, Noimann describes him as â€Å"an outlaw, physically deformed, and morally questionable, yet seen by all as a gentleman.† Silver even refers to himself as a â€Å"gentleman o’ fortune† and Noimann asserts, â€Å"his violence and greed are the ailments of an imperialistic society that condones the practice of stealing the treasures of others in the name of God, Gold, and Glory.† Both Jim and Silver represent a modern gentleman for the era by being honorable and responsible for their own actions, dutiful to each other, and untraditionally domestic. As Noimann touched on, the boy and the pirate also represent Robert Louis Stevenson’s anti-Imperialist views at a time when England was well-known as the Empire â€Å"on which the sun will never set.† The gentleman and pirate figures in society were directly created by colonialism and greed. In an article published in the journal, Victorian Studies, titled â€Å"Imperial Boyhood: Piracy and the Play Ethic†, Professor Bradley Deane explores the fascination with perpetual boyhood in late-Victorian England and traces it back to Treasure Island as one of the earliest representations of boyhood and piracy being intertwined to support a new moral code. Pirates throughout history and especially in literature in the mid-Victorian era were painted to be barbaric criminals and enemies of civilization itself, but Stevenson is the first to turn this notion on its head. Long John Silver is a pirate, but he is also educated, honorable, kind to Jim, and by Noimann’s conc lusion, a gentleman. Deane’s writing takes this conclusion one step further. The pirate is a gentleman, the boy is a pirate, and the British Empire itself is the source of moral ambiguity within men. The fantasy of never-ending boyhood, prevalent in the late nineteenth century, finds its roots in Treasure Island and inspired stories like Peter Pan a boy who never grows up and his counterpart, a gentlemanly pirate. As Deane points out, however, this is just a fantasy. Peter Pan â€Å"represents a crucial reformulation of the ethical order of imperialism and its intersection with masculine identity, an enlivening dream of manhood reconstituted as the exhilarating play of clever and heartless boys in empire’s great game.† Treasure Island was able to offer Englishmen at the time an alternative to their known roles in society by way of the Empire and gives them the ability to question what is right and wrong, what makes a gentleman and what makes a scoundrel, and if being a man means holding on to boyhood and promoting the fantasy to our own children. Thanks to this novel, historians can pinpoint the shift in political views during the Victorian era from a liberal Imperialist nation to one questioning the lengths their country is going to acquire power. Treasure Island has not only been studied by history scholars, but it is also a favorite among English academics. Michael Mendelson, professor of English at Iowa State University, believes that Long John Silver is the perfect character for classroom discussions to begin a deeper, more critical discussion of humanity. In his essay, â€Å"Can Long John Silver Save The Humanties?† he describes the stages of the discussions taking place in his own classroom when studying Treasure Island and believes that the complex nature of Silver and his relationships with his crew, enemies, and Jim Hawkins teach us abstract ideas about people and situations that can help us not only when studying literature, but also within our own lives outside of school. His course is targeted towards undergraduate students who have yet to choose a major or who only desire the required humanities credit towards their non-humanities major. â€Å"Specialized literary theory doesn’t serve this populatio n well, nor does it nourish a desire in students to become life-long readers,† Mendelson points out, â€Å"Alternatively, [] practical judgment is a staple in the daily routine of every student [] or any independent individual with the freedom and resources to make her own decisions.† By looking closer at Long John Silver’s personality and actions, such as his independent nature and willingness to cross his own crewmates, students are forced to question what they know about people and making judgements. While Long John Silver is Mendelson’s jumping off point, there are countless themes, characters, and important moments to look at within Treasure Island that are still studied by scholars of Victorian, children’s, and classic literature. The novel, however, is not only a staple of classrooms meant to be dissected and studied, but is also a timeless story children and adults alike enjoy. For example, for as long as people have been making films, people have been retelling the story of Treasure Island on screen. Richard Dury, a retired scholar whose sole focus is on Robert Louis Stevenson’s work, has compiled archives of all known adaptations of Stevenson’s collection and published them on a non-profit website devoted to educating academics and the public alike on who Robert Louis Stevenson was, what he accomplished, and where you can find and enjoy his art. According to Dury’s list, there are fifty film and television adaptations of Treasure Island, the earliest known of which was made in 1908 and the most recent being Black Sails, a television series that aired 2014-2017 on the premium cable network, Starz. Jon Steinberg, co-creator of the successful series, was interviewed before the premiere of the first season by David Crowe for a pop culture news site, Den of Geek. When asked how long it took this project in his head to form, Steinberg answered that he’d been wanting to explore the reality of the Treasure Island characters and world for a while and after doing research on the time period, historical pirates, and where Treasure Island came from and what it represented, he was able to bring a classic story to life in his own way. He remarked that most people don’t have â€Å"any real idea what this is about if you’re basing it on the movies you’ve seen.† Even with 49 adaptations before Black Sails, the show was able to combine the world of Treasure Island with our own history to tell a unique story that mirrors Robert Louis Stevenson’s anti-Imperialist themes, morally ambiguous gentlemen characters, and a thrilling adventure to captivate any audience and spark our own fantasies- perhaps even inspiring the next great Treasure Islan d adaptation. Left to right: Robert Newton as Long John Silver in 1950, Tim Curry as Long John Silver in 1996, Luke Arnold as Long John Silver in 2017 While Black Sails is the most modern adaptation, there are several others of note. Disney’s first live action film was Treasure Island and premiered in 1950. Robert Newton’s iconic portrayal of Long John Silver went hand-in-hand with the novel itself in promoting pirate stereotypes in the media including the accent we hear when we think of ‘Arr’ing pirates. Treasure Island, the novel, also gave us images like the wooden peg leg, the talking pet parrot, the ‘black spot’, and marking buried treasure with an ‘X’ on a map. We wouldn’t be able to have Captain Hook, Pirates of the Caribbean, and many other popular stories about pirates without the popularity of Treasure Island to give the genre traction in the first place. We see the cultural influence of Treasure Island almost everyday. People can stay the night in a hotel of the same name in Las Vegas, order a fish sandwich from a fast food chain sharing a name with Long John Si lver who has also inspired the title of an album by the band, Jefferson Airplane. We market the story to children by having the Muppets sing songs in a movie, and we even named an entire artificial island in the San Francisco bay after the place where Captain Flint buried his treasure. Robert Louis Stevenson was inspired by a map he drew for his son to write his first novel and the impact it had on Victorian England was only the beginning of the legacy Treasure Island would leave on society. It is quintessential for scholars of history, psychology, and literature, but it remains a story beloved by many and impactful on all- whether they’ve read it or not. Annotated Bibliography Crow, David, and Jon Steinberg. â€Å"Interview with Black Sails Co-Creator Jon Steinberg.† Den of Geek, Den of Geek, 14 Oct. 2013,www.denofgeek.com/us/tv/black-sails/209608/interview-with-black-sails-co-creator-jon-steinberg. Accessed 22 July, 2019. This one on one interview provides insight from a man involved in the creation of the most recent and wildly successful adaptation of Treasure Island, the TV series, Black Sails. David Crow asks Jon Sterinberg about his plans for the show, but what I’m focusing on his motivations in creating the series. Steinberg mentions how, yes, it has been done many times before but never in the tone or style that he and his co-creators wanted to do it. He uses Treasure Island as a jumping off point for telling a story that gives a more complex view to pirates that we’ve lost recently with the cartoonish stereotypes or historical inaccuracies of modern pirate stories. This harkins back to Stevenson’s original purpose of Long John Silver as a character and the popularity of the series proves that audiences continue to respond to that character and that method of story-telling despite the tonal differences of the television prequel series and the novel it’s based off of. This interview is a primary source of someone’s personal motivations and what they took from Treasure Island so I’m choosing to use it as a credible source in my paper and offer variety from some of the other scholarly sources that focus on the novel’s literary or societal impact and look at it’s impact instead on modern-day pop culture.   Deane, Bradley. â€Å"Imperial Boyhood: Piracy and the Play Ethic.† Victorian Studies, vol. 53, no. 4,  Summer 2011, pp. 689–714. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.4.689. This essay looks closely at the role children and pirates play in Victorian literature and what they represent within society of the time. Bradley Dean explores the importance of boyhood, what the values and pitfalls of idolizing it are, and how Treasure Island played a role in promoting the idea of perpetual boyishness. I’m using this source to illustrate a large impact that the novel had on the people who read it at the time of publication and how it shaped emerging ideas of a man’s role in an Imperialist society. I am also using it as evidence that Treasure Island also inspired Peter Pan, another classic of children’s literature. Bradley Deane is a scholar of Victorian era literature and the article is published in an academic journal focusing on studying that time period so I find the source to be credible enough for use in my paper. â€Å"Film Versions of Treasure Island.† The Richard Dury Archive, RLS Website.  robert-louis-stevenson.org/richard-dury-archive/films-rls-treasure-island.html. Accessed 22 July, 2019 This archive compiles 50 different titles of Treasure Island film and television adaptations beginning from the earliest in 1908 all the way up to the most recent in 2014. The titles include feature-length films, television shows or episodes, animation, and parodies. With 50 listed titles, this makes it the second most adapted work by Stevenson, following only Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. For over one hundred years, people have been retelling the story of Treasure Island onscreen in new and inventive ways, the most recent being the television series Black Sails which is a prequel with it’s pilot airing in 2014 and finale airing in 2018. The archive is named after Richard Dury, the scholar who compiled the titles of adaptations of every work of Robert Louis Stevenson. He is an English professor dedicated to the works of Stevenson and has since retired to focus on running the non-profit Robert Louis Stevenson website with the purpose of providing the most comprehensive information o n Stevenson’s life and works to academics and the public alike. Mendelson, Michael. â€Å"Can Long John Silver Save the Humanities?† Children’s Literature in Education, vol. 41, no. 4, Dec. 2010, pp. 340–354. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s10583-010-9113-0. Mendelson’s essay proposes the study of Treasure Island as a starting point for a solution towards solving the problem of declining interest in the humanities among undergraduate students. The process for which he uses Long John Silver as an agent for classroom discussion, gives students more familiarity and certainty when discussing more abstract ideas about humanity and encourages them to consider the importance of critical thinking in our own daily lives and in academia. This source demonstrates the timelessness of Stevenson’s novel and how studying the complexities of the characters and themes within it can propel creative classroom discussion. Even though Treasure Island was published and is studied as a children’s novel, Mendelson argues that Silver is as important to studying humanistic knowledge as studying Shakespeare and Jane Austen. I trust his assertions not only because they are published in an academic journal but because he is also an undergraduate professor and shares his own experience using Long John Silver in classroom discussions, even providing real responses from his own students, proving that the provocative thought can come from his methods. Noimann, Chamutal. â€Å"‘He a Cripple and I a Boy’: The Pirate and the Gentleman in Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island.† Topic: The Washington Jefferson College Review, vol.  58, Nov. 2012, pp. 55–71. EBSCOhost. In his essay, â€Å"He a Cripple and I a Boy,† Noimann claims that Stevenson’s Treasure Island redefined what most Victorian era Englishmen believed a gentleman should be. Both Jim Hawkins and Long John Silver challenged traditional ideas of masculinity and emphasize a more contemporary goal for Englishman of a safe home and economic security rather than marriage and duty to one’s nation. Noimann points out that Stevenson is also challenging imperialistic society as a whole, creating Silver as a self-proclaimed â€Å"gentleman o’ fortune† and giving him many domestic skills not associated with masculinity at the time. By challenging these traditional views of gentlemanly traits, the importance of romance, and the unimportance of fatherhood, Stevenson was able to reshape a society’s ideas of what it meant to be a pirate, gentleman, boy, father, and manly man just in time to usher in a new century. This article perfectly illustrates and backs u p the importance of this novel at the time of publication and not just later on as a ‘classic’ work. Originally unpopular among boys because of the protagonist Jim, what made it unappealing to the young audience made it wildly popular among adults who found thrill in adventure and the idea of challenging Imperialist notions of who they were supposed to be and what they were supposed to achieve and giving rise to the ‘Victorian gentleman’ who can look to traits of both Jim and Silver and learn from being part boy and part pirate rather than just a man. This work was originally published by the Washington and Jefferson College Review and Chamutal Noimann is a scholar who focuses on Victorian young adult and children’s literature giving him credible authority on the subject.

Tennessee Walking Horse WGC Essays

Tennessee Walking Horse WGC Essays Tennessee Walking Horse WGC Essay Tennessee Walking Horse WGC Essay Every now and then a special bond occurs between a father and a daughter. It all began when my dad saw a Christmas promotion in the newspaper stating that Lowest home improvement store was giving away Dusty the pony on Christmas Eve, no purchase necessary. Dad was only 9 years old, but he got my grandmother to drop him off at Lowest the morning of the drawing. And the winner of Dusty the pony is Andrew Waiters (my dad)! Dad then got a Job at a Tennessee Walking Horse stable where the owner agreed to board and feed Dusty in exchange for my dads irking at the barn after school. Two years later, the owner took my dad to the Tennessee Walking Horse National Celebration. It was then that my dad saw Reeves Little Boy crowned World Grand Champion Tennessee Walking Pony. My dad told himself that if he could ever afford a real walking horse, he would want it to be Just like Reeves Little Boy and win the Pony World Grand Championship. When I was around 8 years old, my dad took me to a Walking Horse barn. I loved riding the huge, high stepping show horses, so my dad bought me my first horse. No there thrill topped showing in a ring full of horses with a great audience watching, even though most of the time I came out without a ribbon. More importantly, showing provided a gateway for a father/daughter relationship unlike any other I know. I began to dream about winning a World Grand Championship. After several years, my dad presented me with Prime Polios, a spectacular horse and together we became the leading contenders for the Juvenile World Grand Champion Walking Pony. At the Celebration however, I was disqualified over a minor technicality. To make matters rose, I was the leading contender again the next year, and was once again disqualified for another minor Infraction! Not giving up, I returned to the ring for a third and probably last time. This time, Prime Polios and I won the preliminary class and qualified for the World Grand Championship the following week. As show time arrived, I began to get nervous for the first time since Dad and I began this Journey. Having 30,000+ people watching every move Prime Polios and I made In the ring was quite nerve racking. Prime Polios was spectacular, and I was overwhelmed when I eared the announcer call out The winner of the 2010 World Grand Champion Walking Pony Is Lilly Wallets and Prime Polios! Everything blurred and I could hardly stay on Prime Polios as we made our victory lap to the applause of 30,000 people. Dad understood that my ride on Prime Polios that August night was the fulfillment of my 7-year dream, and I understood that my ride had fulfilled my dads 37-year dream. Two dreams fulfilled with one ride! Tennessee Walking Horse WAC By Toastiest dad presented me with Prime Poison, a spectacular horse and together we became qualified for another minor infraction! Not giving up, I returned to the ring for a third and probably last time. This time, Prime Poison and I won the preliminary class Having 30,000+ people watching every move Prime Poison and I made in the ring was quite nerve racking. Prime Poison was spectacular, and I was overwhelmed when I Walking Pony is . . Lilly Waiters and Prime Poison! Everything blurred and I could hardly stay on Prime Poison as we made our victory lap to the applause of 30,000 Dad understood that my ride on Prime Poison that August night was the

Reducing, Reusing and Recycling Fast Food Waste

Reducing, Reusing and Recycling Fast Food Waste Dear EarthTalk: What are the fast-food chains doing to cut back onor at least recyclethe huge amount of paper, plastic and foam they use daily? Are there any laws or regulations to force them to be good environmental citizens? Carol Endres, Stroud Township, PA Currently there are no federal laws or regulations in the U.S. specifically aimed at getting fast food chains to reduce, reuse or recycle their waste. Businesses of all kinds must always obey local laws pertaining to what must be recycled versus what can be discarded. And a small number of cities and towns have local laws specifically designed to force businesses to do the right thing, but they are few and far between. Voluntary Fast Food Waste Reduction Makes HeadlinesThere have been some strides in the fast food business with regard to packaging materials and waste reduction, but it has all been voluntary and usually under pressure from green groups. McDonald’s made headlines back in 1989 when, at the urging of environmentalists, it switched its hamburger packaging from non-recyclable Styrofoam to recyclable paper wraps and cardboard boxes. The company also replaced its bleached paper carryout bags with unbleached bags and made other green-friendly packaging advances. Some Fast Food Chains Offer Vague Policies on Waste ReductionBoth McDonald’s and PepsiCo (owner of KFC and Taco Bell) have crafted internal policies to address environmental concerns. PepsiCo states that it encourages â€Å"conservation of natural resources, recycling, source reduction and pollution control to ensure cleaner air and water and to reduce landfill wastes,† but does not elaborate on specific actions it takes. McDonald’s makes similar general statements and claims to be â€Å"actively pursuing the conversion of used cooking oil into biofuels for transportation vehicles, heating, and other purposes,† and pursuing various in-store paper, cardboard, delivery container and pallet recycling programs in Australia, Sweden, Japan and Britain. In Canada the company claims to be the â€Å"largest user of recycled paper in our industry† for trays, boxes, carry out bags and drink holders. Fast Food Recycling Programs Can Reduce Waste and Save MoneySome smaller fast food chains have garnered accolades for their recycling efforts. Arizona-based eegee’s, for instance, earned an Administrator’s Award from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for recycling all paper, cardboard and polystyrene across its 21-store chain. Besides the positive attention it has generated, the company’s recycling effort also saves it money in garbage disposal fees every month. A Few Communities Require Fast Food Waste RecyclingDespite such efforts, though, the fast food industry is still a large generator of waste. Some communities are responding by passing local regulations requiring recycling where applicable. Seattle, Washington, for example, passed an ordinance in 2005 prohibiting businesses (all businesses, not just restaurants) from disposing of recyclable paper or cardboard, though violators only pay a nominal $50 fine. Taiwan Takes a Hard Line on Fast Food WastePerhaps policymakers in the U.S. and elsewhere could take a lead from Taiwan, which since 2004 has required its 600 fast-food restaurants, including McDonald’s, Burger King and KFC, to maintain facilities for proper disposal of recyclables by customers. Diners are obliged to deposit their garbage in four separate containers for leftover food, recyclable paper, regular waste and liquids. â€Å"Customers only have to spend under a minute to finish the trash-classification assignment,† said environmental protection administrator Hau Lung-bin in announcing the program. Restaurants that don’t comply face fines of up to $8,700 (U.S.). GOT AN ENVIRONMENTAL QUESTION? Send it to: EarthTalk, c/o E/The Environmental Magazine, P.O. Box 5098, Westport, CT 06881; submit it at: www.emagazine.com/earthtalk/thisweek/, or e-mail: earthtalkemagazine.com. EarthTalk is a regular feature of E/The Environmental Magazine. Selected EarthTalk columns are reprinted on About Environmental Issues by permission of the editors of E.

International Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

International Relations - Essay Example It beats logic why it has not significantly contributed to a successful mitigation of security explosions that have continued to demonize the globe. According to one-time Secretary General of the United Nations Kofi Annan, there are â€Å"problems without Passport† that the UN ought to address more effectively than it currently does. This is an indication of a static structure characterized with a certain level of inefficiencies, which may not optimally perform to deliver the most desirable outcome. In the words of the head of UN development programme, Mark Malloch brown, water coolers and coffee tables of the UN ar5e more pervaded with reform agitations and stories than sex topics. That people often wish for reformation yet the structural organization responds dismally to reforms. To begin with, change is necessary in the permanent members of countries with the veto power. For a balanced approach to issues that concern the whole world or at least signatories to the Rome statute at large. It is clear that the Veto countries do not represent completely the diverse interests of the countries f the world. They are a mere representation of a chunk of interested parties leaving out other groups with diverse concerns (Goldstein et al. 302). It would be fair in immediately effect the permanent membership of countries like Brazil, India, Germany and Japan among the countries with the Veto power in the UN Security Council. Secondly, another level of Semi-permanent countries but with Veto power should also be validated to include several regions of the world that enhances the participation of African representatives. Apart from the changes in the Veto members, the organization of the council requires an almost complete overhaul. There need to be structures that respond to these ‘problems without passport’ such as climate change, terrorism, pandemics, migration, proliferation of long-range missiles and nuclear weapons,